MOTD

Message Of The Day

Sat, 13 Nov 2010

13:41 [zork(~/freedom)] cat if.txt

GIVE CODE TO WORLD

An Essay on the State of Interactive Fiction and Free Software

...we want to establish the idea that a computer language is not just a way of getting a computer to perform operations but rather that it is a novel formal medium for expressing ideas about methodology. Thus, programs must be written for people to read, and only incidentally for machines to execute

http://mitpress.mit.edu/sicp/full-text/book/book-Z-H-7.html

My Dilemma

When I was a child my parents believed computers to be philosophically superior to game consoles, and bought the family a Commodore 128. They were librarians, and as such were great lovers of books and literature. They encouraged me to participate in Banned Book Week and they gave me free rein to use their charge account at the University of Washington bookstore. However firm they stood on any of the sorts of things they denied me, they always wanted me to have access to the written word.

When I asked for a Nintendo they categorically refused, [1] opting instead to give me text adventures. I'd beg for Gauntlet and they'd buy me Planetfall. I wheedled for Metroid, but got A Mind Forever Voyaging. I demanded Zaxxon, but found The Hitchhiker's Guide To The Galaxy beneath the Christmas tree. This was the one sort of game that really appealed to their sensibilities.

In the end I don't really much remember the time spent as a child on neighbors' Nintendos, but I have fond memories of playing Mindwheel with my father late into the night. I used to keep the printer spitting out transcripts of my games to read over lunch breaks at school. I came to love these games so profoundly that when I registered a vanity domain for myself in the mid-90s I chose zork.net, stunned that it was still available.

So here I am, someone with a strong personal connection to Interactive Fiction, someone with the technical ability and desire to create new works, and yet I have stood aside as a conscientious objector to the new IF movement for a decade and a half. When I mention this to people in either the modern IF community or the Free Software community, I get puzzled reactions. After all, didn't IF go through a progression from retail software to hobbyist community? Aren't the biggest users of plain text terminals the Free Software Unix brigade? Shouldn't there be no conflict here?

What I hope to do in this essay is explain my position and describe the forces and factors behind the current state of IF software. I will attempt to describe the biases and positions of people I have never met, so that I can show their positions from my own perspective and perhaps show "my people" in the Free Software community why certain decisions seem to have been made.

[1]For some reason they bought my younger brother all manner of console system. Go figure.

A Little History

I am going to dispense with the boilerplate here and assume that you have either purchased or downloaded the excellent Get Lamp documentary. With that bit of nostalgia-something in your eye, let me boil down the story of the 1990s IF renaissance to the bits most relevant to my dilemma.

There are two pieces of software most relevant to the IF author in 2010: Inform and TADS. [2]

[2]http://www.inform-fiction.org/manual/html/s46.html#p369

TADS

TADS was a shareware system written in the 1980s, at the height of the retail home computer software market for this sort of thing. It has often been characterized as being aimed more toward people who are used to programming, and is praised for its brevity. It has a longer history of hobbyist games by virtue of being the older of the two major authorship systems, but many of these games pre-date the formation of a cohesive community.

TADS was released as "freeware" in the 1990s, and there have been irregular publications of full source code. The tads3 source distribution's LICENSE.TXT file permits redistribution, restricts publication of modified versions to changes required for "porting" the software, and forbids commercial use of the sources.

The restrictions on modification and fields of endeavor disqualify it under The Open Source Definition or The Debian Free Software Guidelines, keeping it from being distributed as part of a free operating system. Many people accept the license and write great IF with it, but I cannot in good conscience join them.

Inform

Inform is an entirely different sort of beast from TADS, and it has a far more dramatic history. In the early 1990s, Graham Nelson set about reverse-engineering the virtual machine that Infocom used to make porting its games simpler. He also produced a compiler that could produce binaries for this Z-machine, and included some libraries that were useful for writing IF for this VM.

The fact that Inform compiles to the same format that Infocom used gave it a certain cachet, and a community gelled around the software and the language. While TADS developers tended to be programmers wanting to make games, Inform developers often included more of a sort of starry-eyed 1990s medialab type. [3] These folks saw IF as a way to develop new interactive forms of literature and create art. They were authors looking to add interactivity to their creations.

The division isn't quite as clear-cut as the previous paragraph might imply, but the current community of avant-garde IF authors came into its own as Inform developed. Many of the titans of the genre these days use Inform to the exclusion of other systems.

The licensing for this system is a far more complicated question. The license under which most versions of Inform were released had similar constraints to that of TADS: modified versions could not be redistributed if they were "substantially different" from the official version, and "profit" was forbidden. [4]

Since Inform was such a community effort, the libraries of functions that might compile into a final story file were under a real mess of permissions. Some had no license, and thus it would behoove any user of these libraries to request specific permission to publish any story that uses them. Some were under "public domain" licenses, occasionally with explanations of what permissions this included for the benefit of countries that are not the United States.

The libraries remain a sticky problem: you compile them into your own stories, making your resulting IF a derivative work. If the licenses for the libraries do not permit modified works or commercial use, then you need to explicitly request permission for the right to either of these for your story. The core libraries written by Nelson had an exception to allow users to sell their own games, but not all library authors followed this example.

This situation remained up until Inform 6. Things changed when Inform 7 hit the net. Inform 7 is a radical departure for Inform in many ways. It takes the view of IF as fiction first and foremost, and drives it to its logical conclusion: stories are written in a declarative rules-driven syntax based on modern English. It has the potential to introduce IF authorship to a wider audience than ever would have been possible before.

Unlike all previous versions of Inform, Nelson did not publish his sources as he went. To date, most of v7 is unavailable in source code form, and one downloads binaries built by members of the core development team.

[3]For those who don't remember, the MIT Medialab in the 1990s (and to be fair, always) had a lot of optimistic projects involving ways to make text more interactive. The 90s saw a lot of interest in hypertext, the potential of CD-ROMs, and other approaches that don't get as much excitement today. I chose this particular institution in this particular era because the way it was portrayed in Wired at that time seems to capture something about the Inform community.
[4]This language always struck me as astonishingly sloppy. What if one profited from it intellectually? Could I sell copies of Inform to lose money as a tax shelter?

The Seeds of Confusion

Here is where the story takes a confusing turn, because pieces of Inform 7 are source-available. What's more, the source is released to the net under the terms of the Artistic License 2.0, which is both a DFSG-free and Open Source Approved license. Cementing confusion, the pieces that are truly free software include the Inform 6N compiler and the Inform 6 templates.

This leads to the circumstance that inspired this essay in the first place. To any casual observer, it almost appears that Inform 6 has been released under DFSG-free terms and that Inform 7 is hot on its heels. I have been told numerous times that Inform is free software and that I was spreading misinformation.

The troublesome fact here is that the I6N pieces of Inform 7 don't appear to constitute a complete Inform 6 platform. Yes there is a compiler, but the "templates" appear to have been re-tooled dramatically from their I6 Library origins in order to support the output of ni. Seeing this, it's tempting to ignore the Z-machine cachet, pick your favorite language and start from there. [5]

[5]And indeed, why haven't I done this? For starters the Z-machine is the delivery mechanism for IF. Secondly I am the author of the AWK entry in the Cloak of Darkness project, and have dug through enough prior art to realize what an enormous task that would be. Thirdly, that would disconnect me from the main community of IF authors and experimenters, and require bootstrapping an entirely new and separate community. Inform 7 is just too exciting to ignore, and it's by no means hopeless in terms of software freedom.

Summary of Software

One other thing that has caused this to get swept under the rug a little is that there are plenty of TADS and Z-machine story file interpreters out there. It's hard to explain to anyone who only ever plays IF on free software that it's all built on proprietary foundations.

So here's what we have as free software now:

Here are the key pieces we're lacking:

The first piece would be necessary to get a DFSG-free Inform 6 toolchain, and the second would be required to make a DFSG-free Inform 7 toolchain.

Their People, Your People, and My People

As this essay is about perspectives and biases, for the most part, I am going to paint a few "us and them" caricatures to stand in for some of the positions that have been at odds here. I'll begin with my own, as that has colored all the text to this point and some readers may be baffled by my core assumptions.

My People

I consider myself a relatively dedicated supporter of free software as described and advocated by the Free Software Foundation. I believe that software holds a unique position in its status as both communication and functional work, and that this requires a rethinking of how copyright and patent law currently treat it. I am a big fan of the commons that the GNU GPL and other "copyleft" licenses have created by setting copyright on its own tail.

Since this stance covers issues of freedom of speech, education, sharing, helping your neighbor and so forth, it has become something of a moral conviction for me. Naturally, when anyone hears that you have such a conviction they will attempt to tease you with contrived dilemmas as though their very existence somehow "debunked" your moral code. [6] The interesting dilemma here is that of games and spoilers.

I have a reasonably relaxed view on games and free software, although I'm led to understand that it's one I share with Richard Stallman himself. Basically it falls under the old parenting maxim of "no secrets: only surprises". I am not saddened by an inability to easily dig out the solution to a game. The important moral question to me is the functional aspect of the game–the engine, basically. The world doesn't need to learn the location of the macguffin in your story before playing it through, but it should learn how you implemented the clever NPC engine that the story relied on.

I see a fair number of My People in the IF community, let it be said. For starters there's a fair amount of free software IF. [7] One of the big names in really clever IF, Andrew Plotkin (or "zarf", if you like) has published all the sources for his major works. Adam Thornton may be found in newsgroup archives making encouraging noises toward DFSG-free licensing and promising Debian packages when that day comes.

[6]For pity's sake people, I would run a completely proprietary software stack if that alone would free even one slave.
[7]Although I'd note that since the Inform 6 library is linked statically into any Inform 6 work, it's unlikely that the authors who used the GPL will be able to fully satisfy a request for full source under the terms of the GPL. This sort of thing typically requires explicit exceptions noted by the copyright holder for the GPL'd portion.

Retailists

Another common perspective in these sorts of discussions is that of the software author who expects to be paid ultimately from end-user license fees. This is something of a long story, but basically in the 1980s Microsoft lobbied the US Congress to get software covered under copyright. Previously it was considered too functional to be copyrightable and too abstract to be patentable.

What resulted was a short period when people actually went to shops and put down money to take home a box of software. This still happens a lot, but it's nowhere near as total as it once was. For some people, this model is the only right and true path, and they get irritated when some punk kid who doesn't have any serious sales under his belt starts talking about sharing.

I must admit that My People have often been impolite when confronted by this perspective. It's not uncommon for a bunch of shouting to fly back and forth, and the Retailist in question fires the usual "why do you want me to starve" rant and everybody leaves unhappy.

I'm not sure how common this is in IF, but it showed up as a theme in Get Lamp a surprising number of times. Despite most of the interviews ending with admonitions that IF would never be the retail success it was in the 1980s, there still appear to be people trying to live out their dreams of becoming the next Infocom. I feel that this sentiment is at least somewhat responsible for the plague of "non-commercial use only" licenses in IF.

It is interesting to note Plotkin as a counterexample here: he recently solicited donations to sponsor him for some interesting IF projects. He asked for $8k and left the donation period open for a month, but received $15k on the first day alone. This is someone who is not wedded to the 1980s publishing model for software, to be sure!

I am going to make a rather harsh prediction: Creating Interactive Fiction with Inform 7 will make more money than any efforts to sell IF licenses to end-users over the next decade.

Auteurs

Of course the Retailists and My People are kind of a sideline here. If either one had taken the fore, the licensing situation would have been extremely clear-cut. Instead what we got was something of an amalgam. The modern IF toolset was built up by a community of proud Auteurs.

I mentioned earlier that Inform attracted a lot of 1990s medialab types. These were folks who didn't come with ideas about free software, but they saw themselves as using new tools to bring forth their creative visions. They shared with one another in a spirit of free expression, but did not have the history of license development that My People had. Consider for example this outright editorial rejection of the authority of the Open Source Definition. [8]

This is where most of the disconnects seem to come from. As you dig around discussion archives and look at licenses, you find that (aside from the odd restrictions on commerce) there are two concerns on the Auteur's mind that prevent them from freely embracing DFSG-free licenses.

  1. Being misrepresented
  2. Artistic control

These are not unreasonable things to be nervous about, but I maintain that neither is the sort of thing that requires a hammer as large as copyright law to defend.

The issue of confusion and misrepresentation is one that many DFSG-free licenses do manage, and the Artistic License in particular requires that it be made clear when a program has been significantly modified from that provided by the original copyright holder. This is likely to be the reason why this license was chosen above all others on opensource.org.

In one of the original announcements for Inform 7, Emily Short touched on both of the above concerns:

It has been pointed out that the current license for NI and Inform 6 is arguably not broad enough for Linux norms (for instance, some distros would not allow I6 to be shipped with their releases). We are willing to re-address this: the decision has been postponed for now. While Inform will probably not move to the GPL, it may well move to an open source license granting freedom for derivative works but requiring that such works may only call themselves "Inform" if they comply with a reference set of behaviour - something like the TeX license, in fact. We certainly do not intend licensing issues to present any difficulty to Inform's users, and the only rights we wish to retain are the moral rights of authorship over the design of the language.

The matter of artistic control is a subtle one. It certainly ties in with the user confusion about whose software is actually running, but it goes a bit deeper than that. In one SPAG interview Graham Nelson said:

Had Inform 7 been developed in open source, I am fairly sure it would now be an elaborated version of the superficial prototype, and that it would be much the poorer. And it ought to be remembered that for at least the first year of the project, I wasn't at all sure it would ever work - "work" in the sense of being capable enough to be useful.

I do not quite buy the argument put by Eric Raymond in "The Cathedral and the Bazaar", that the bustling, self-organised world of the bazaar gets things built better and faster than the secretive clergy.

You see this conversation repeated a lot. Basically Graham is just trying to avoid the bikeshedding and keep control, and the best arguments he's getting from My People about sharing his source code under DFSG-free licenses seem to devolve into quoting Eric S. Raymond of all people.

Of course Nelson's anxieties do not come from ignorance, but from experience. In the Inform 6 development history Nelson notes:

Something that partially frustrated this was that Inform acquired a serious user base "too soon", before the language design was mature enough: by Inform 4, a good many people were using Inform, and this began to make me nervous of changing the established syntax. But if a syntax feature is clearly "wrong" (that is, anomalous and inconvenient) then clearly one must bite the bullet and make a change. In retrospect, I feel I have always been too hesitant over this.

Graham Nelson knows how he works and how communities affect the way he develops software. For this reason, he is unlikely to be moved by claims of practical improvements that were originally written for a more corporate audience.

[8]For pity's sake, dear reader, please do not take this as some sort of incitement to go and loudly argue that point. While I find the perspective behind the decision hard to internalize, it is a logically defensible position and one that stems from hackerly sentiments of history over marketing.

Pride and TeX

Right, so how did we get here again? How did we end up with pieces of this thing under a DFSG-free license, but not everything? Well, it doesn't seem that strange at all when you view the project from the perspective of the Auteur.

Graham Nelson worked very hard on a project that he feels very invested in. As an auteur, he wants to refine his creative vision for the software and then provide it in a form he can be happy with. He doesn't want his film to go out as public rushes, and he'd love it if the public's first viewing is his final edit. So he has released binaries for people to use only once the functionality was at a level of quality he was satisfied with.

As for source code, this is where the Auteur spirit truly shines. Nelson et al are using Literate Programming techniques to make a vast book out of the Inform 7 source code itself. The result will be something rather like the TeXbook in scope and presentation.

In 2007 Nelson wrote:

About 60% of my time spent on NI is being spent on reconstructing it so that it can usefully be published in source, and so that others will be able to find bugs in it, and contribute patches. I'm aware that many people feel it should always have been out there, whatever its condition, but I didn't think it was in anything like a state good enough to make that productive (in terms of helping to improve the program's internal workings), and I'm afraid that was my priority.

Conclusion

So let's recap a little here. Graham Nelson almost single-handedly rebooted interactive fiction in the early 1990s, and a community formed around his software for IF authorship. For someone not part of the free software movement, this software was developed and released under extremely liberal terms.

As tempting as it would be to cast this community as dog-in-the-manger copyright holders dictating fields of endeavor to the world ("No commerce, kids! That's for me to build the next Infocom with!"), that characterization simply does not hold water. The Inform developers have real and practical objections to the claims of real and practical advantages to particular development styles that the Open Source movement advocates. Despite these objections they have set upon a program of releasing the entire toolchain under a free software license.

The last missing piece of this stack is blocked on a rewrite effort designed to make it fit into a self-documenting book of source code that users can really learn from by reading. If My People had this kind of dedication to the principles of communicating ideas through sharing source code, we'd be in a much better place than we are now!

I expected to research this and turn up a few stubborn holdouts who dislike DFSG-licensing for ineffable personal reasons, but instead turned up so much generosity and good faith effort that I really feel like a heel for complaining, but it's been three years.

Above I quoted Nelson in January of 2007 (nearly three years ago, as of this writing), claiming that he was spending a majority of his time polishing the Inform 7 compiler source code up for publication. The Inform 7 webs page states:

Not yet published. This is the largest and the most experimental of Inform's components; a long-term project of rewriting and clarifying ni for publication is now, as of April 2009, about two-thirds done.

That update is from one and a half years ago, as of this writing. Most of the other pieces appear to have landed around mid-2008. I would really love to know how far along this project is now, near the end of 2010. Is it possible that somewhere between ⅔ and complete, there's a stage where it's good enough for public review?

I'm aware that Nelson has very strong feelings about his software that prevent him from publishing sub-standard sources. I have strong feelings about software as well, after all. My feelings, unfortunately, will continue to keep me out of a community I admire for some time.

I'm sure Graham has bigger fish to fry, of course. Inform 7 currently makes IF more accessible to newcomers, even if it alienates My People. So I sit on the sidelines, feeling somewhat helpless, flipping through my copy of Creating Interactive Fiction with Inform 7 and waiting for the day when I can join in with a clear conscience.

Wed, 22 Jul 2009

09:32 [zork(~/freedom)] cat mono.txt

Be Prepared

http://ondioline.org/~paul/toldya.png

Now that this idiotic meme war has subsided, it is safe to prepare for the inevitable conclusion.

Many thanks to Paul Ondioline for his contribution to the effort.

Fri, 22 May 2009

14:24 [zork(~/django)] cat introducing-yardbird.txt

Yardbird

Ladies and Gentlemen a One Mister Charles Parker, Jr.

An IRC channel I consider my "home" channel is coming up on its tenth anniversary in a few months, and its founders have begun to reflect on how far we've really come in a decade. By far the biggest disappointment is that our beloved and snarky bot still runs a rickety hacked-up version of Kevin Lenzo's 1990s classic, Infobot.

We've looked into replacements in the past, but they always seemed like mere incremental improvements. They'd provide some degree of reliability and a slightly saner codebase, but they generally add little that appeals to us. Often they're written in Perl, like Infobot, which is something we're trying to move away from (for no reason beyond the fact that nobody in the channel is comfortable maintaining Perl code any more).

So when I finally found a bot that managed to have reasonable gains in terms of fun over Infobot, I leapt at the chance to put it through its paces despite being written in Perl. For various other reasons, it was not fit for purpose, although looking at the code led me to an inspiration.

How Not To Write A Bot

The bot in question was written with POE, which appears to be Perl's answer to Twisted Python. POE gives you lots of library functions and objects that allow you to do things asynchronously by firing off events and registering callbacks for when something finishes. This is somewhat important, so that you don't say "Bot, do this five-minute thing" and have it fall off the network because it hadn't returned to the protocol code for five minutes.

But the way this bot was written was done in a very hasty JFDI sort of scripting style. I'm told that the real marvel was how quickly it was brought up and running, and I don't think it's fair to judge the authors based solely on this work. However, there was something of a common antipattern throughout the command recognition code:

if ($msg =~ GREATBIGHOARYREGEX) {
        ...
} else if ($msg =~ ANOTHERCRAZYREGEX) {
        ...

Dispatchers

While tracing through a printout of this thing in an attempt to even figure out what its features were, I thought "Gosh, wouldn't it be great if this had a dispatch mechanism where you could associate regexes with functions in some kind of data structure, along with some kind of application data for context?" And of course that immediately reminded me of...

http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/http/urls/

I filed this little bit of inspiration away, and started worrying about how I'd go about cloning this system. I'd use Twisted Python, of course, but the asynchronous database library is on the same level as POE's, and I prefer a good ORM. Man, wouldn't it be great if my bot could use the Django ORM?

Asynchronicity

Of course, the Django ORM isn't built with a callback-based API, so while your code does a query that's all your program can do. This prompted me to wonder why that doesn't become a problem for Django Web apps. Surely they receive hundreds or thousands of requests per second, but concurrency never becomes a problem that exposes itself to the app programmer.

The answer is that while Django does not have any support for asynchronous programming, the very model in which it operates assumes that it's being called from a Web server such as apache. Apache has its own forking or threading model that it uses to handle lots of requests simultaneously, and the CGI or WSGI interfaces use a well-defined interface for passing connection information into a program and getting a response back out.

An IRC Apache

One morning on the Underground, I began to reason that what I needed was a sort of "IRC Bot Apache" that would handle incoming IRC events of various sorts (PRIVMSG, ACTION, etc.), and then pass them along with some connection information to my django code. I'd dispatch these messages through the regex-based patterns() system, then call view code that uses ORM objects to perform queries.

The obvious choice for implementing something like this is Twisted Python, which shows its age but remains the de facto Python library for coding state machines. I'm only occasionally familiar with the system (and the documentation is filled with distracting Java-esque Software Engineering babble for some bizarre reason), but I was able to localize the actual Twisted-using code to one function, which at the very least makes it simple to hand off to experts to tell me if I'm doing anything stupid.

Yardbird

Digging through twisted documentation I found their example LogBot and based it loosely on that pattern, subclassing irc.IRCClient and replacing the privmsg method along the following lines:

from twisted.words.protocols import irc
from twisted.internet import defer, threads
from django.core import urlresolvers
from django.conf import settings

class DjangoBot(irc.IRCClient):
    @defer.inlineCallbacks
    def privmsg(self, user, channel, msg):
        resolver = urlresolvers.get_resolver('.'.join(
                                (settings.ROOT_MSGCONF, 'privmsg')))
        request = dict(user=user, channel=channel, msg=msg,
                                settings=settings)
        callback, args, kwargs = resolver.resolve('/' + request['msg'])
        response = yield threads.deferToThread(callback, request,
                                *args, **kwargs)
        defer.returnValue(self.notice(response.recipient,
                                response.data.encode('UTF-8')))

Let me go through that line by line:

@defer.inlineCallbacks
def privmsg(self, user, channel, msg):

The inlineCallbacks decorator essentially catches any yield of a Twisted deferred object and schedules the next delve into the generator using standard Twisted deferred-execution mechanisms. So now yield really behaves like a scheduler yield, and you can let some more critical IRC-parsing code run between your own calls.

Next we build a Django urlresolver object so we can dispatch regexes to handler functions, using some Django settings info to determine path info:

from django.core import urlresolvers
from django.conf import settings

resolver = urlresolvers.get_resolver('.'.join(
                        (settings.ROOT_MSGCONF, 'privmsg')))

Then we build a request dictionary. In normal Django this would be an HttpRequest object, containing all sorts of information about the web server and the remote client and the HTTP request itself. Since this is a quick-and-dirty example, I've reduced this to a dict for simplicity. I also passed in the settings namespace just to be lazy (so I can keep things like nickname in there):

request = dict(user=user, channel=channel, msg=msg, settings=settings)

Now we actually use our resolver to test the incoming message against all our patterns in privmsg.py and return to us the appropriate function, along with all of the anonymous and named matches that were generated by the winning regular expression. Note that we have to prepend a / to our message to appease the URL-centric resolver:

callback, args, kwargs = resolver.resolve('/' + request['msg'])

Finally we get to the deferred execution magic! We have a function, a request object, and some arguments made from textual analysis of the message. We use the threads.deferToThread method to generate a deferred object that runs in a completely separate thread, and yield it up to our inlineCallbacks decorator to be scheduled:

response = yield threads.deferToThread(callback, request, *args,
                                       **kwargs)

Our view function then runs in the background, taking as long as it likes while our bot concerns itself with answering PING replies and dispatching further events to the resolver.

We're confident that the Django code is reasonably thread-safe, as it has to handle concurrency under a variety of Web server models (such as apache's Worker MPM or a traditional Prefork model). Once the function returns a value, the thread closes and execution comes back to this method again, chucking the returned value into our response object.

We're almost done, but we still need to actually do something with this information! In ordinary HTTP Django this would be an HttpResponse object, containing all sorts of information on what template to render and what dictionary to pass in as an extra context namespace. This is a bit overkill for this example, so I've simplified it to another dict:

defer.returnValue(self.notice(response['recipient'],
                        response['data'].encode('UTF-8')))

The various RFCs for IRC all state rather loudly that automated bots are meant to speak using NOTICE but always ignore NOTICEs from other sources. This is meant to prevent feedback loops flooding a channel. Also note that since this was the final statement of my inlineCallbacks function, I called the defer.returnValue to spit back the result of the notice call. I'm not convinced that it was at all necessary, but I believe it's harmless boilerplate in the worst case.

Whoa is that all?

My current version is obviously not exactly like this. I've been doing some rather wild and thrashing testing and debugging, and there's some mess and refactorings. The above is intended as a demonstration of the technology only while I do my explorations in the yardbird bazaar tree.

For a start, my current version applies an errback function to log exceptions in the view function thread, and I've refactored the above code into a separate function that both the ACTION and PRIVMSG functions can use. The principle is still the same, though.

What's With The Name?

Because Django is named after Django Reinhardt, and was split from a CMS project named Ellington (as in, Duke), it's become traditional to name Django projects after Jazz greats. For example, there's a popular Django e-commerce system named Satchmo. I dug around and couldn't find any named after Charlie Parker, or his nickname 'Bird'. I just decided to play it safe and use the rarer long form "Yardbird".

Where do I get Your Version?

My spazzy tree, complete with README.txt files for the apache indexing and a hackish approach at implementing some of the Infobot functionality is up at http://zork.net/~nick/yardbird/. It's also a bazaar tree, so you can just:

bzr branch http://zork.net/~nick/yardbird/

Right now I'm trying to figure out what I should really do for the IrcRequest and IrcResponse objects, and how to properly package all this up like a proper professional project.

Your code sucks!

Soz.

Sat, 14 Mar 2009

15:20 [zork(~/django)] cat your-favorite-orm-sucks.txt

Your favorite ORM sucks

Over the past year or so I have been learning and enjoying Django, which is a large set of python modules that are impressively nice for creating dynamic Web sites. It's the latest generation in a set of tools that have been written to solve this very problem, going back all the way to the original CGI libraries of the mid-1990s.

You can get more details on the Django Web site, but the basic pieces you interact with are these:

Object-Relational Mapper:
 This saves you from having to type in COBOL-esque SQL queries and manually connect the results to the data structures in your code.
Template Language:
 This saves you from having to type in the punctuation-heavy HTML or XHTML to render your pages, and lets you focus more on the content.
URL Dispatcher:This saves you from having to build trees of scripts or put argument-based flow control spaghetti in your code, and lets you restructure the layout of your URLs in a nice clean manner.
Form Handler:This ties the previous three together to safely simplify one of the more dangerous aspects of programming: input validation.

There are more subsystems (such as the libraries of HTTP handling functions available to you in your “view” code), but those four seem like the legs of the table to me.

Feelings of Inadequacy

As I've been working with this, I've run into a number of conversations on IRC that seem to go something like this:

me:I'm really enjoying Django!
nerd:Django is a tinker toy! I prefer TurboGears or web.py!
me:Well Django sure takes a whole lot of busywork out of Web development!
nerd:Bah! It's a giant integrated ball of goo that you can't break out of!
me:Really? I mean their motto is "Loosely Coupled, Tightly Integrated". And sure the pieces all know a lot about one another, but you can swap out one or more trivially.
nerd:Bah! Huge all-singing all-dancing frameworks only help you in the beginning, and then they get in your way!
me:Right, but like I said you can easily swap them out or work in the raw for the more critical pieces of your app.
nerd:Bah! Django brings nothing to the table that hand-assembled collections of individual tools can't!
me:Really? I find it wonderful to have all that coordination among the pieces.
nerd:Django's ORM sucks and is too Django-specific! SQLAlchemy forever! Behold The Power!

Okay, so what can you do? After enough of these conversations, I had this sense that I was kind of using the My First Sony of Web development systems. And the Loosely Coupled, Tightly Integrated motto has been pointed out to have the effect that while you can swap a new ORM into your Django app, few people ever use the Django ORM in anything else.

Eventually it came time to do some work on a non-Web application and I needed a database. With all these conversations with Riot Nrrds like the above, I figured I'd save myself a lot of trouble by going straight to SQLAlchemy.

The Reason We Have ORMs

There's a reason we have these “Object-Relational Mapper” things, and it's because of a problem known as the Object-Relational Impedance Mismatch. Basically, the formal mathematical model for databases used to ensure that they stay intact follows a system of tables with rows and columns and references to other tables, while data structures in most programming languages we use today manipulate data in nested tree-like structures. It's rather like the difference between a spreadsheet and an XML document, or between a ledger and a family tree diagram.

For a long time people just suffered through it: building SQL queries in strings and shoving them over the wire to databases, then manually parsing the results and populating the local data structures, all the while hoping nothing got mistranslated in the process. But in the argument over why we keep relational databases around in this object-oriented day and age anyway, people noticed that there was a formal and automatic mapping you could perform between the two.

So fundamentally the ORM is there to allow you to manipulate all your data in one single format, save you the trouble of re-inventing the necessary mapping techniques between the two, and cut down the complexity of your code thereby reducing your exposure to bugs. It's a fantastic thing, since relational databases are still important for their speed and reliability, and every reasonably-expressive programming language since LISP (which is from the 1950s, after all!) has had an implicit bias toward hierarchical representation of data.

Behold The Power!

Having fiddled with Django's ORM, and looked into Ruby's ActiveRecord system and read a bit about the history of Java's Hibernate ORM, I decided to see what was so hot about all the other Python ORMs out there.

I quickly learned that my sample of three had been somewhat biased toward a particular state of mind: namely those who want the impedance mismatch to actually be solved for them. The majority of ORMs used by the Riot Nrrd set instead seem to be written by people who enjoy the power of SQL and demand lots of advanced SQL features. Nothing to actually make your job as a programmer easier ranks anywhere on their priority list. One of the high-end python ORMS even brags in its Features list about how it can't do schema generation!

The result of all this talking out of school was that I had a project using SQLAlchemy and it was a horrible bureaucratic mess. I had session object setup and tear-down all over, manual coupling between table objects and actual useful objects for some reason, and it barely worked at all. I was forking processes off that needed to do a bit of database work, and my transactions and sessions kept stepping on each other. Hell, even the simple single-process jobs were hard to get right!

I'm sure this is where the Riot Nrrd contingent would step in and scream about how incompetent I must be. Why, a truly skilled SQL craftsman would be able to foresee all the intricate concurrency and relational integrity performance-critical session collision transaction issues that would arise, and work around them!

Let me stop you right there.

Back to the Tinker-Toys

Frustrated and eyeing a looming deadline warily, I decided to see if maybe I could just stick to what I knew and come up with a better solution. Hey, maybe I'd bite the bullet and set up the whole thing as a Web app inside the much-derided all-singing all-dancing framework (a term that to me typically refers to an unfinished project, rather than a useful set of libraries).

So in my searches, I discovered a rant from 2006 about how horrible it is that you can't just use pieces of Django outside of django itself. As I contemplated the problem, I scrolled down to an intriguing response by Django's James Bennett.

James Bennett is one of those hackers you wish there were more of on the Internet. He's knowledgeable and proficient while remaining reasonable and courteous. He reminds me of an old Jesuit brother I once knew who never seemed to open his mouth unless he was saying something that would help someone out.

Anyway, Bennett wrote an entry of his own on how to do standalone django scripts, and that was in 2007! In 2007, Django was still in version 0.96, and there was a lot of isolating of components to go before the 1.0 release. And damn if the settings.configure() trick isn't simple and straightforward!

So my script now begins with:

from django.conf import settings
settings.configure(DATABASE_ENGINE='postgresql_psycopg2',
                   DATABASE_NAME='dbname',
                   DATABASE_USER='username',
                   DATABASE_PASSWORD='password',
                   INSTALLED_APPS=('myapp',))

…and then my database code lives in myapp/models.py and is something like ⅓ the length of the corresponding SQLAlchemy horror. It also gains a little input validation magic from some application-level data types (such as “IP Address”) that assert constraints not present in the database itself.

The Return of Session Management

Ah, but there comes a wrinkle! You just knew there'd be a wrinkle, didn't you? Remember how I was forking off asynchronous handler processes? So here's where that sinking feeling of inadequacy returned. I mean, Django's implicit session handling was causing me a headache, which sounds like precisely the sort of thing the Riot Nrrds were kvetching about!

Django's DB access model is very conservative: it won't chat with the database basically until the query you're building is at a stage where it needs information from the DB itself to proceed any further. It's a very lazy approach and I love it to bits. The session handling is all done behind the scenes, and any DB-bound “model” object will try to use a pre-existing connection if possible, but will open a new session if needed.

So I rolled up my sleeves and prepared to throw manual and bureaucratic session-management code all over my app, and ended up with the following:

from django.db import close_connection
close_connection()
pid = os.fork()

That's it! Two lines to just drop the current database connection before forking, and one of them is an import! Then the parent and the child each get a new session the next time they perform a query or update operation on any Django model object. I'm still picking my jaw up off the floor over how simple this was.

Django For The Win

So I got to do a massive bit of coding with the delete key, and I can now be confident about the correctness of all my database code. Furthermore, I did it without dragging in any baggage from the rest of the Django set (unless you count the brief use of the django.conf.settings module, which is a fair point).

So where does all this hatred for Django come from in the Riot Nrrd set? I suspect it is partly a quick look at early (pre-0.96) versions that were still in a “we're working on separating our framework from the Ellington CMS” state, and largely a reaction against the horrible “type a bit of python code into this browser input box” model of early Zope releases. I think that Zope in the late 90s left a lot of programmers with a bad taste in their mouths.

But in the end none of the complaints about Django held up, and SQLAlchemy simply wasn't fit for purpose. I ended up feeling kind of cheated, like I'd lost a week because I listened to some uninformed Real Programmer posturing that did nothing but make trouble. It could have been that I just hit a bunch of DBAs who use Python occasionally instead of people like me who are Python programmers who occasionally need a database, but I know that's not really the case.

Okay Maybe Only 99.9%

Right now my only complaint about Django is that the #django channel on Freenode contains an op by the nickname of Magus who is the absolute opposite of James Bennett. Every time Magus answers someone's question, he does so in the most condescending way possible. Someone noticed this and set up a twitter feed to log each time he uses “obvious” or “of course”, but in February he changed his nick to avoid it. I'm sure this guy is a useful contributor to Django, but answering even naïve questions like that is simply not helpful.

Wed, 20 Dec 2006

13:37 [zork(~/nerdistry)] cat opie.txt

How One-Time Passwords Work

The great part about this image is that it's *wrong*!

Security experts always moan about how few people properly understand security and cryptography, and the smart ones point out that UI problems in security and crypto tools lead pretty directly to security problems. I'm convinced that the lion's share of these UI problems come from an insistance on clinging to mathematically correct metaphors that don't survive translation into everyday English.

The big example of this that I give out often is the terms used in public-key cryptography. Yes, it's true that both the public and private keys are "keys" in a mathematical sense. But one of the reasons I constantly see novices accidentally leaking private keys or otherwise confusing the two is that these names tell you nothing about their everyday purpose. In actuality, the private key is the only one that is in any sense a "key", and the public key is actually a lock.

If I want to give you an account on my system and I ask for you to use ssh keys, it's like I have a set of bicycle kennels that I am letting out for people to store their bikes in. If I decide that you should be allowed to have one, I simply ask for you to give me a lock that I can slip through the hasp on the front door and you obviously keep the key so that I never need to see it. Likewise if I give you a shell account on my system, you give me your ssh lock ("public key", to use the standard confusing terminology) which allows you to use your key (ssh private key) to enter.

That aside, one of the cleverest security access techniques to come out in recent years is OPIE, or One-time Passwords In Everything. It's basically designed so that you generate a new key each time you enter the system, like one of those constantly-changing password systems they use in spy movies. This has many of the advantages of the ssh public key system, but with the added convenience that you don't need to carry a two-kilobyte key file around with you. This convenience prevents a lot of clumsy workarounds for the key problem, which on average can be a benefit to security (if you allow long but easily remembered passphrases, for example, you avoid the problem of people keeping the short punctuation-laden passwords in their e-mail or doing something else equally dangerous).

So let's start with what the user sees when she logs into my system with the One-Time Password system. When you ssh to zork.net without an ssh key, you get a prompt such as the following:

otp-md5 73 fr8981 ext, Response:

This requires the user to use a password-generator program to generate the password. She runs the program, enters her secret passphrase and the 73 fr8981 part of the above challenge, and gets back a result like this:

KATE LAWS LESK ALOE AQUA DUMB

She then copies and pastes these six words into the ssh window, and is let in. The next time she logs in, Zork says:

otp-md5 72 fr8981 ext, Response:

and the generator gives her:

AT LYRA GEL AMOK NICK LESK

Now, it may sound inconvenient to require this password software on every system you want to connect from. If you're in an Internet cafe, for example, you don't want to have to download and install special programs. For this reason, I have set up the page at http://zork.net/ssh/ to have both a Java ssh client (on the right) and a JavaScript One-Time Password generator program (on the left). So almost any Web browser can be used to run this password generator on any machine.

This looks like it involves a lot of spooky scary hard-to-understand crypto math, but in actuality it's a super elegant and easy to understand system. So what follows is an attempt to explain the inner workings in plain English.

If you have access to a modern Unixy system (basically every major OS except for Windows, these days. Poor bastards at Microsoft are still behind the curve there), you'll see that there's a program called md5sum that's used to make "checksums" of any amount of data you like.

A checksum is basically just a statistical summary of characteristics of the data. They usually show up as a long string of hexadecimal numbers, which make a number so large that the number of possible combinations is enough to give one of these strings to every atom in the universe.

[nick@frotz(~)] md5sum /etc/motd
74d4639801fad57b90932584d1bd8646  /etc/motd
[nick@frotz(~)] echo -n 'hello' | md5sum
5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592  -
[nick@frotz(~)] echo -n 'hello, world' | md5sum
e4d7f1b4ed2e42d15898f4b27b019da4  -
[nick@frotz(~)] echo -n 'hello' | md5sum
5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592  -

This is partly useful because it means that if you have a huge file and I have what I think is the same huge file, we can each run md5sum on it and compare the 32-character checksum string instead of comparing all umpteen gigaboobles of data. In fact, most unix nerds use a program called "rsync" instead of ftp or scp, which checksums pieces of each file to send only chunks that are different. It's very fast, and if there's an error you can just restart and it'll quickly find where it left off. The popular BitTorrent file-sharing program makes heavy use of checksums, and you may have seen it spit out the occasional Piece failed checksum: Re-downloading. log message.

The really great thing about this sort of checksum, though, is that it's impossible to go backward. You can't look at that long number up there and use it to generate the original /etc/motd file. To do this would be like trying to recreate the Oxford English Dictionary from a list of statistics saying how many spaces were in it and the average length of all the words and so on. Or it's like trying to do a sketch of someone's face using only a set of fingerprints. It's a one-way function: lobster go in, lobster stay in.

So what does this have to do with the crazy OTP password scheme? Well you may remember that the full string you see when you log in says something like otp-md5 999 fr8713. That otp-md5 is there because it uses md5 checksums to verify your passphrase.

When you enter your passphrase into the password generator, it combines the fr8713 part with it first (just to stir things up a bit, in case two people accidentally have the same secret passphrase, and you don't want it to be obvious by making the one-time passwords for the two users match up). Then it runs md5sum on this combination, and gets one of those 32-character hexadecimal checksum numbers.

Then it combines the fr8713 with the 32-character checksum it just got and runs md5sum on that. It keeps doing this 999 times (or 998 or 432 or 73 or whatever it said in the otp-md5 line) and then converts the hard-to-type 32-character checksum string into those six words so that you don't have to squint so hard to make sure you typed it in properly. The translation between the six words and the long hex string is two-way, since the computer can easily and quickly flip back and forth between them almost as easily as it can switch a word between UPPERCASE and lowercase.

So remember how the md5sum process was one-way? Knowing the result of run number 999 doesn't let you go backward to number 998 any more than those statistics let you recreate the OED or my fingerprints give you a full-color mug shot. And the system you're connecting to only stores the result of run number 999 in your account settings.

So after you set your account up by entering run number 999, the first time you log in it will say otp-md5 998 fr8713, and you'll run the JavaScript which will do the md5sum game 998 times. You'll type the englishified result into zork, and zork will de-englishify it and run md5sum on it one last time to make sure that what it gets is what it has stored for run number 999.

So Zork never actually knows your secret password, but it knows how to tell whether or not you know it. Because it knows that if it just runs this md5 checksum feedback loop thing enough times, the result will look like what it has stored.

The OTP generator Web page I have up is all JavaScript that runs in your browser, and the passphrase never leaves your machine. Have a look at the http://zork.net/ssh/ page sometime, and view source. You can scroll down and see the list of words that it uses for translating the 74d4639801fad57b90932584d1bd8646 stuff into something more typable, and then there's a function called core_md5 that does the same thing as the md5sum program. The rest is just loops so that it runs the checksum the number of times you tell it, and mixes in the fr8713 and does a couple of other basic management tasks.

Fri, 17 Nov 2006

16:55 [zork(~/sf)] cat spider_jerusalem.txt

Speak.

Now I just need some Spider Jerusalem glasses.

http://zork.net/~sarah/stuff/spidercrackmonkey.jpg

Thu, 18 May 2006

00:56 [zork(~/london)] cat shipping.txt

Shipping

DIMENSIONAL WEIGHT = L*W*H / 166 (for some reason)

Of course, shipping couldn't be easy, now could it. The calculations for the USPS seem pretty simple: you just punch in a weight, and they have some formula for calculating the maximum allowable volume. Hell, it may even be constant.

But UPS has formulae that make the tax schedules look elegant. Basically, they calculate a weight that the box is supposed to be, based on volume, and the weight that the box actually is, and choose the higher one. So you get hammered hard on packing materials and double-boxing.

And you know how UPS domestic has like ground shipping where you just pay a minimal amount and let it take forever? Well overseas it's entirely impossible to distinguish one class of service from another. Near as I can tell it's just like random priority froofraw.

And then there's the old "insurance vs. customs" game. If you insure your package for lots of money, customs may make you pay that in full just to let it enter the country, effectively costing you the entire value you insured against loss. Lose-lose!

Wed, 17 May 2006

21:52 [zork(~/london)] cat movingscam.txt

Please Deliver My Cyclotron To Hammersmith

I'm in a state of total fucking disbelief. I've decided that International Moving Companies are a massive scam. They exist to milk as much from corporate moving reimbursement as possible.

Since flats in London are 90% of the furnished variety, and since none of our appliances are 220 (except our laptops), we're getting rid of furniture and electronics.

So, I've whittled our move down to a few key areas:

  • clothing
  • books
  • crockery/cutlery
  • wall-hangings
  • paperwork, CDs, and miscellaneous keepsakes

The rest is just noise, and appears in our checked and carry-on luggage.

Now, when I ask people for an in-person moving estimate, they direct me to some stupid web page first. The form on that page usually looks like this:

PLEASE CHECK ALL THAT APPLY:

[ ] BAND SAW    [ ] COMMERCIAL DRYER    [ ] JUNGLE GYM
[ ] FLAGPOLE    [ ] DRYCLEANING GEAR    [ ] SWING SET
[ ] GARAGE DOOR [ ] BED (4-POSTER)      [ ] SWIMMING POOL
[ ] BRICK (TON) [ ] CHANDELIER          [ ] CAMARO + CINDERBLOCKS

So I kind of scratch my head and go "um, none of the above?" and they drop me like a hot rock.

I spoke to a longtime friend who has done the expat thing many times in his life. According to him, oil company stooges are the worst. You'll walk into a merkin's house in Lagos and there will be all the family antiques. He goes to parties in penthouses where dining tables have been hauled from Nebraska and fill all available space in whatever room they're stored. Basically some midwestern housewife is handed an expense form by her husband, told "the movers will be here on Tuesday, so just show them all our stuff" and then sort of by default has them ship anything not nailed down. The moving companies count on this.

These people run 110V heavy appliances like washing machines and refrigerators from foreign power, just using a converter. What, they don't have refrigerators where you're going? Is your dishwasher really that precious to you?

Add to that the fact that moving and shipping companies seem to all be crooked (been looking at http://movingscam.com) and the whole thing just seems so not worth it. At this point I'm ready to just pack it all up myself and ship UPS and USPS.

What a goddamn racket!

Tue, 09 May 2006

01:30 [zork(~/sf)] cat success.txt

Success.

http://georgebox.org/galilee/2006/May2006/07May2006_01/bigcam023.jpeg

Tue, 11 Apr 2006

05:14 [zork(~/shave)] cat fill-the-sink.txt

Filling The Sink

Filling The Sink

When I first learned to shave, I was still a teenager living with my parents. I learned to shave using the home sink with its seemingly limitless supply of hot water. And my father taught me to just rinse off the razor in the stream of water as needed, to flush out the harvested whiskers.

But based on all the forums and shavegeek photosets and all, it seems that the preferred method is to fill the sink with hot water, and just go from there. The advantage, they say, is that the silence of the still waters will allow you to hear the rasping sound as you work. This promotes keener understanding of the whole process, and results in a finer shave.

The only problem with this is that I used to fill the sink to shave, years ago. I had no choice, until we called the plumber to clear out the pipes. It was really distressing, since I'd leave a ring of hair and soap around the bowl, and I just found the whole process gross. I came to associate "full sink" with "filthy sink".

But since our drain has worked nicely for the past couple years, I decided to give it a try a while back. After all, our dinky energy-saving apartment water heater only has a couple minutes of hot water left once I'm done with my shower.

Boy did I have flashbacks. I spent a good five minutes working to clean the Taylor's Lavender Cream residue off the sink rim, wiping away whiskers with my finger. Hulk SMASH.

But this morning I decided to give it a go again, this time using the Proraso pre-shave cream instead of the nancy boy pre-shave oil. I lathered up with the Proraso soap on top, and got to work.

Imagine my surprise when all the little globs of hair and cream stayed coherent in the bowl as I shook them off. It didn't last, but the hairs didn't all migrate to the meniscus or cling fast to the sides of the sink. When I was done, all it took was a little splashing with cold water and the whole lot went down the drain, quick as you please.

And despite the double-numbing mentholyptic treatment of both proraso pre-shave AND lather didn't seem to matter. I got a great shave without marks or irritation. I could hear what I was doing, and began judging my shave based on the sounds it made.

Beaujolais!

Sun, 09 Apr 2006

08:45 [zork(~/sf)] cat troncon-2006.txt

Troncon On The Rock

It's Happening

And there ain't a gott-damb thing you can do about it!

Don't believe the hype spewed by the Liberal Media! They may sound convincing with their snooty tracts named such as Treatise of Government and Common Sense, but do not believe their Constitutionalist lies! These nefarious trolls have missed one key and essential fact that changes the very equations of our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor! The Monarchy will never die!

That's right, folks, I am indeed moving to London. And that means it's time for one last Troncon in San Francisco before I go.

May 2006
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31      

The Dates

The shindig is set for the first weekend in May. That's May 5, 6, and 7. This has been set in the #tron topic for the past week or two.

This date was chosen because the largest number of #tron-ites were available to come.

The Attractions

http://zork.net/albums/eurekatraz/acn.thumb.jpg

One of the reasons that this calling-of-the-tribes occurred is because I will no longer volunteer for the National Park Service past May. Come June, I'll be all wrapped up in the move to London, and won't be able to spend any time on the island. So this is your last chance to get the super secret behind-the-scenes tour of Alcatraz!

http://zork.net/albums/dancatraz/aal.thumb.jpg

As a volunteer with the National Parks Service, I have the keys to take folks into areas that the general public don't have access to. This means that instead of the quick-and-dirty half-hour audio tour of the cellhouse that most of the "it's Thursday so this must be San Francisco" crowd get, you'll receive the full red-carpet historical interpretation of a trained NPS docent.

Allowing for various time constraints, I can take folks into an old US Civil War-era tunnel, the disused A-block area, the hospital, and possibly even the old gun gallery. Bring your cameras, because the photos practically take themselves.

Tickets

http://zork.net/albums/20Mar2005/aan.thumb.jpg

Since I'm doing this as an NPS volunteer, I have to put in a full day's time even if folks show up for a half-day. However, I recognize that some people will not be in town until Saturday morning and can't make the 9:30 ferry. So what we're going to do is a two-staged event.

All Tronconners will need to purchase their own tickets for Saturday, the 6th of May, 2006. The full-day crowd will buy tickets for the 10:45 ferry, which will likely be met by me on the island dock. The rest of you will catch the 12:15 ferry at the latest, and will join the party already in progress.

The link to purchase tickets for the correct date is: https://www.pier41.com/availability/SALZ/EALZ2006734

Alas, the Blue and Gold fleet's on-line ticket system only sells tickets with the audio tour price included. If you want to purchase a slightly cheaper ferry ticket that does not include the audio tour rental fee, you will need to call their ticket office on the telephone. The number for that is (415)705-5555.

Alcatraz Dock, with Phones/restroom building to the right.

If you are going to be on the 12:15 boat, it is your responsibility to find contact information for someone from the 10:45 group. There are payphones outside the dock restroom building, and the island has its own mobile telephone repeater. Barring that, the ranger or volunteer staffing the dock will have a radio that can reach me. Just tell them that you're trying to meet up with "an NPS Volunteer named Nick". If you find yourself woefully tardy, they'll probably send you up to the top of the hill to meet us outside the cellhouse.

Once again: Purchase a 10:45 or 12:15 ferry ticket for May 6th, as fits your schedule.

Once you have purchased your ticket, let me know which ferry you will be on.

Rules

The site's official rules are simple:

  1. Eating and drinking are allowed only on the dock area at the bottom of the hill. The only thing you will be allowed to consume past the dock will be bottled water.
  2. You will be required to help preserve the site by not taking any idiot souvenirs or leaving marks on the site. For criminy's sake, if you have to have a chunk of the island, they sell Pet Rocks in the gift shop.
  3. Don't mess with the seagulls. It's their island. We just visit it.
  4. Unless I'm explicitly lowering a divider and ushering you through, don't cross any signs that say things like "restricted area" or "closed for your safety".

Now, unofficially, I have a few reminders for you. The entire island of Alcatraz is a National Park. That means it's owned by the National Park Service, which is under the Department of the Interior. It is Federal land. The Law Enforcement Rangers and Park Police may look like rent-a-cops in RCMP hats to you, but once they catch you in the wrong you'll be stuck in the federal court system (and probably so will I).

So please, leave all the counterculture contraband in San Francisco or Oakland, where the local constabulary have a history of being more accomodating to that sort of thing. If I were you, I'd even leave the booze at home.

Lunch

This is an important point. Since food and drink are only allowed on the dock, you'll want to consider two options for your lunch situation:

  1. If you are on the 10:45 boat, you may wish to pack a lunch that you can carry around the island. We'll head back to the dock for a furtive picnic and to wait for the 12:15 folks, dodging seagulls and pigeons all the while.
  2. If you're on the 12:15 boat, you will probably want to eat before you board or on the ride over.

If you're looking for places to pick up food quickly on the way to the island, I recommend the Boudin bakery by Pier 43 (across a parking lot or two from Pier 41). But they do sell factory lunchoids on the ferry (pizzas, stadium nachos with pasticine cheese-product, pretzels, etc) if you're tight for time.

Transit

http://images.nycsubway.org/i16000/wimg_16044.jpg

Pier 41 shares a Muni stop with the tourist trap Pier 39. The most pleasant way to get there is to take the F line streetcar. The F line runs down Market Street, and thus intersects BART and Muni Metro stations neatly. Plan on a charming ride of at least half an hour, and also plan to show up 15 minutes before your scheduled ferry departure so that you can find the place and line up.

If you miss a ferry, the standby line is an unpleasant experience, and you'll need to call someone in the group to let us know you'll be late by a ferry or two.

From the Airport

If you're coming in on Saturday morning, bear in mind that San Francisco International Airport isn't even in San Francisco County. It's out in Millbrae, and while BART does connect via the International terminal, it will take a while to reach the city proper.

Other Preparation

My last bit of advice to you is to ignore anything you think you know about weather in California. San Francisco in the late Spring/early Summer is a schizophrenic cycle of calm sunshine and windy fog. And the weather on Alcatraz is the weather of San Francisco, amplified.

So the wind and fog that glances The City will blast right across The Rock, and the sunshine reflected off the bay has left me with more than one sunburn on the underside of my nose. Dress in layers, so that you can cover up against wind and rain or strip down to your shirtsleeves as the day requires.

Lodging

I've never had to find a hotel or other short-term lodgings in San Francisco, so I'm afraid I can't be of too much help. Some #tronners may be willing to host guests, but most of those available are likely already booked.

One person, however, has come upon the novel idea of staying at the Fort Mason hostel. I can't speak to the quality of the stay there, but it has the advantage of being just on the other side of Ghirardelli Square from the high-numbered piers. It's an easy downhill walk from Fort Mason to Pier 41 (but leave early), and you have the advantage that it's the site of the local NPS offices. Heck, it's part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, just like Alcatraz!

Tue, 28 Mar 2006

09:14 [zork(~/sf)] cat earthquake.txt

The Earthquake Centennial

EARTHQUAKE AND FIRE: SAN FRANCISCO IN RUINS

I have of course said this elsewhere, but it bears repeating.

On the 18th of April, 1906, at 5:12AM local time, a colossal earthquake hit California, centered on San Francisco. This is one of those events that defines SF history, and so every year there's a celebration in the early morning.

Of course, since this is 2006, this year's will be enormous. People are making a big to-do about how the hundred-year anniversary is coming. But there's just one problem:

The quake happened in 1906, before Daylight Saving Time. The quake happened at 5:12AM Pacific Standard Time. The revelers this year are celebrating at 5:12AM Pacific Daylight Time. They're an hour early.

If that doesn't convince you, consider that the accounts of the quake always describe the "early dawn light" that illuminated the city when the quake hit. A sunrise calendar I just used lists morning twilight as 6:03AM PDT, and sunrise proper as 6:31AM PDT. The sky is still black at 5:12AM PDT!

Naturally, as with the whole "2000 is still the 20th Century" crowd, all this amounts to is proof that I'm a smartass.

01:59 [zork(~/blosxom)] cat more-rest-stuff.txt

More reST Helpfulness

Mike Orr has this cool little howto explaining how to do various HTML markup techniques using reST:

http://sluggo.kicks-ass.org/python/rest/rest_for_html_users.html

It's unfinished, but it's full of useful advice for beginning to think of your plain-text layout as markup instead of trying to do everything with particular tags.

Sun, 26 Mar 2006

21:06 [zork(~/shave)] cat pre-shave.txt

Proraso Pre-Shave Cream

Okay, so I hit the shavegeek forums every couple of months just to see if they've come up with anything interesting beyond "OMFG TEH BURBLE SOAP IS LESS SANDALWOODY THAN THE GURBLE SOAP I H8 U". And a couple weeks ago they were all abuzz about the famed Proraso brand Italian shave soap being carried in Target of all places.

Proraso Shaving Soap

I used to troll Italian import places in North Beach who laughed at me to my face for asking about this stuff: "Oh, you'll never find that around here!" It's an anomaly in shavegeek accoutrements. All the ingredients say wrong wrong wrong: it's mentholated, confabulated, and extracted and yet it is somehow a formula that wins real fans. If you thought the Nancy Boy altoid effect was strong, well Proraso's menthol and eucalyptus is like having the Halls of mentho-lyptus all over your face.

So I wrote to Pedro because there was a big fight on the forums about the US formula. Supposedly the ingredients list for the Target stuff doesn't match the imported stuff. Lots of European shaving cream manufacturers have been reformulating to meet with European Union FDA-type regulations, but we don't really know why they chose to do this. However, the rundown of all those threads is that the one change they made was:

...to ditch Lanolin and replace it with sodium borate.

This was good news, since Uncle Pedro is allergic to lanolin. It probably also makes Proraso a vegan formula, which could be handy for lots of other folks.

So I shaved with Proraso shaving soap a few times, and it really felt as though my face were going tingly-numb. It has a strong medicated feel to it, and I think that I got a little careless as a result. The shave I ended up with was rough and overscraped, and I really couldn't tell how brutally I was working myself over with this anæsthetic stuff on.

Now, it's probably fantastic stuff for the summer. The cooling effect would be such a great thing on a hot day that I'd probably dab the stuff behind my ears and along my neck for relief from the heat. But I think I'll leave my little $4 tub of the shaving soap alone for now.

Proraso Pre-Shave Cream

However, lots of shavegeeks rambled and raved about the pre-shave cream. Some folks groused that it was no better than a "proper prep" (which I assume means seven minutes of hot towels and a deep-tissue massage), but others swore by it. So I figured what the heck and went back to Target to get a jar.

So this morning I put the stuff on under a layer of Taylor's avocado, and did a quick shave with a four-day-old blade that had already been giving me grief. It's possible that I just mixed the lather a little richer than usual, but the shave was flawless. The metholated cooling was more muted than when I used the proraso soap, but I still felt like my face was a little tingly-numb. Still, I emerged baby's arse smooth without so much as a single bump.

I'll definitely try a bottle of Nancy Boy pre-shave oil to compare, but I think this category of goo may be the next big thing for me in blowing petty cash on vanity grooming products.

06:10 [zork(~/shave)] cat shaving-ads.txt

Shaving Ads 1914-1953

SHAVE ALL OVER

Someone in one of the shavegeek forums discovered an archive of advertisements on the Web, and pointed out the collection of shaving product ads.

They cover both world wars, and it seems interesting that in the earlier images they seem to really be hawking shaving sticks. In one of the earliest entries, however, The Conversion of Mister Prejudice, they show someone applying it to his face and lathering against his chin with his brush. I've never used a stick, but I always thought it was supposed to be brushless.

Lots of brushless creams show up in the post-WWII entries, and powders seemed big in the 20s. I have no idea how good any of these shaving products were, but the brands represented really are terrible nowadays. Barbasol is really the industrial foam goo of last resort.

As always, implications of getting laid by being smooth-shaven abound.

And of course, you can't have a collection of old shaving ads without a few Burma Shave rhymes.

Thu, 23 Mar 2006

12:58 [zork(~/shave)] cat brush.txt

'Round and 'Round we go

Well it looks like Corey Greenberg has revised The Perfect Shave, and is now pushing the Vulfix #2233 as the best all-'rounder.

He's also updated his blog-copy to include the magic that is Nancy Boy shaving cream and rose hip oil and all sorts of other little discoveries that he's written about over the past couple years.

Tue, 21 Mar 2006

18:26 [zork(~/blosxom)] cat cleanup.txt

reST and HTML woes

Well, I went through and cleaned up my old entries, using this technique. When I was done, I decided to clean up all the entries that were generating reST errors because reST was freaking out trying to interpret raw HTML. I basically went through and cleaned up all of Nutella's entries and a bunch of Sam's.

For Nutella, he essentially wrote everything as one solid block of HTML, often with no newlines at all. So what I did was wrap most of his entries in reST's raw html directive, like so:

.. raw:: html

        <cite>blarblarblar</cite> etc etc <a
        href="http://zork.net/motd">a link</a>

The outcome is as you'd expect:

blarblarblar etc etc a link

Nutella used <cite> a lot, and decimal unicode entities to print hanzi.

For Sam, he had written most of his entries in the wiki markup, using only occasional HTML for URLs and <pre> blocks and so on. I wrapped a few individual paragraphs in the .. raw:: html bit, but mostly I just fixed his bad entries to be properly reSTy.

A Few Good Tags

The switch to reST may be preventing some folks from using this, so here's a few basic tips to cut most of the noise from the quickref.

First, pre blocks are handled using a double-colon and some strict indenting:

::

        Note that
        there is a blank line
            between this paragraph
          and the ::.

        It won't stop being <pre> until we outdent back flush
        with the ::!

...becomes...

Note that
there is a blank line
    between this paragraph
  and the ::.

It won't stop being <pre> until we outdent back flush
with the ::!

Next up is hyperlinks. The finnicky bit about these is that they tend to behave more like footnotes or endnotes. Basically if you end a word (or a string enclosed in backticks) with an underscore, it becomes a link to a URL specified later on (after the paragraph, or at the end of the file, or wherever you like):

The switch to reST may be preventing some folks from using this, so
here's a few basic tips to cut most of the noise from the quickref_.

.. _quickref: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/user/rst/quickref.html

First, `pre blocks`_ are handled using a double-colon and some strict
indenting::

[...]

.. _pre blocks: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/user/rst/quickref.html#literal-blocks
Nick Moffitt

Then there's images. This is handled with the .. image:: directive, as follows:

.. image:: http://zork.net/laziness/face/squarenick.jpg
        :target: http://zork.net/gallery/sanfrancisco
        :alt: Nick Moffitt
        :align: right

Finally there's Unicode. There are a few ways to do this. For example, in Ubuntu I use SCIM to input UTF8 text in any application, so I can just hit ctrl-space and start banging in 日本語. But some folks don't have that luxury, so here's a few ways to do this:

|nihongo| is |ni| (sun), |hon| (origin), and |go| (language).
Thus, |ni| |hon| |go| is "the language of the rising sun".

.. |ni|  unicode:: 0x65e5
.. |hon|  unicode:: 0x672c
.. |go|  unicode:: 0x8a9e
.. |nihongo|  unicode:: 0x65e5 0x672c 0x8a9e

日本語 is 日 (sun), 本 (origin), and 語 (language). Thus, 日 本 語 is "the language of the rising sun".

But again, you can always just go back to HTML character entities and wrap a paragraph in .. raw:: html.

The rest is uncommon enough that you can just consult the quickref or look at the .txt file for an entry you see doing what you want. Also, feel free to pop into nwall and ask for help if you're trying to do something advanced with reST.

But most of what you do will just be ordinary plain text paragraphs, separated by blank lines.

03:08 [zork(~/blosxom)] cat repairing-old-entries.txt

How to Fix Old Entries

So one somewhat bothersome aspect of the blosxom system is that if you edit a file, that bumps it up to the top of the listing. This is because pyblosxom sorts all entries by the modification time of the original posting.

There are quite a few old entries in here that could do with a few repairs, but they really don't belong at the top of the page or the RSS feed. So for you folks, I give you the magic of touch!

Here is an example of how to use cp and touch to edit old entries while keeping their posting date the same:

$ cd /var/www/motd/madness/goober/
$ cp -a no-its-true.txt /tmp/old-entry
$ vi no-its-true.txt
$ touch no-its-true.txt -r /tmp/old-entry

First, the cp -a causes the file in /tmp/ to have the same exact modification time as the oirginal file. We are actually just backing up the modification time here, and don't care about the contents.

Then we edit the file as normal (I use vi, but I know that many folks like nano).

Finally, we use touch -r to make the edited entry have the same modification time as our backup in /tmp/.

So this would be helpful for folks like Nutella, who need to go in and mass-replace a lot of <br> and <p> stuff with ordinary blank lines.

If you edit an old entry, let me know and I'll give the full site build a push. Right now pyblosxom only updates files that have brand new mtimes, so this trick will sneak past that. I can force a full rebuild that will update everything.

Sun, 19 Mar 2006

21:08 [zork(~/shave)] cat power-law-curve.txt

Fuck Everything, We're Doing Five Blades!

http://www.economist.com/images/20060318/CST393.gif

The Economist drops a little science on the diminishing returns of multi-blade cartridges:

It is simply not possible to add a new blade whenever the marketing department wants one. Every additional blade, explains Michele Szynal, a spokeswoman at Gillette, adds weight and size to a razor. Firms must therefore find ways of making both razor and blades lighter, which means thinner blades, more closely spaced, made of special materials, with new coatings.

—The Economist, http://economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=5624861

http://www.shavemyface.com/gallery/albums/userpics/10319/mach14-774498.jpg

05:38 [zork(~/shave)] cat dryshaving.txt

Wow, People Actually do Shave like Neanderthals

I was Spads in this conversation:

+Spads:

well you're going to have to set up NAT anyway

~paganini:

Yes

+Spads:

so while you're doing that, DHCP is pretty much aftershave

~paganini:

Hehe

@Lxndr:

what is the point of aftershave, anyway?

+Spads:

two things

~paganini:

NAT doesn't look too hard though

+Spads:

lots of idiot men buy crap like old spice, which is alcohol

supposed to I dunno, disinfect or something

-:

paganini does not use aftershave

+Spads:

I use witch hazel, which is a skin toner, and feels super fantastic

~paganini:

Except sometimes I use a little witch hazel if my razor was dull and I got scraped

@Lxndr:

okay, so the point is to be an idiot man?

~paganini:

Hehe

@Lxndr:

and/or use witch hazel

+Spads:

I mean, you've just done a skin peel. it's sensitive. slapping alcohol on is just going to sting and do pretty much nothing for you

Lxndr: well I use an "after shave toner"

alcohol-free aftershave

I use lucky tiger

but I've heard good things about trumper's skin food

I'm actually leaning toward beginning to use pre-shave oil too

especially for when the razor gets a little old

@Lxndr:

I've never really even used, like, shaving cream. Nonetheless any of that other fancy-schmancy stuff like aftershave or pre-shave oil.

+Spads:

do you use an electric, or just let your beard grow?

@Lxndr:

Currently, I use disposable razors.

+Spads:

wait

-:

paganini uses shaving gel

@Lxndr:

I am also lazy, and shave only once a week or so.

+Spads:

without shaving cream???

~paganini:

Whoah

+Spads:

like, dry?

@Lxndr:

Yes, without shaving cream.

~paganini:

Lx, does your face still have skin?!

+Spads:

holy shit

@Lxndr:

In the shower, usually, so it's damp.

+Spads:

I didn't believe that anyone actually did that

-:

paganini tried that once

+Spads:

like I thought it was a myth that all these fru-fru "wetshaving" fanatics made up

-:

paganini had razor-burn that lookedl ike roadrash

+Spads:

the notion that people somehow are shaving without any lube

@Lxndr:

well, there is the water.

-:

Spads hands Lxndr the Bill Duke Predator Memorial Ghetto-Shaving Award

Well gosh, I guess people really do shave like that. I had no idea!

Thu, 16 Mar 2006

19:24 [zork(~/blosxom)] cat rss20.txt

More Pyblosxom Magic

So we now have the latest 1.3.2 Pyblosxom, which means we have proper RSS now. I've updated the little XML box, but the long and short of it is that you should change "index.rss" to "index.rss20" for your feeds.

http://zork.net/motd/index.rss20 <-- teh new url.

http://zork.net/motd/nick/index.rss20 <-- example user RSS category feed.

Wed, 15 Mar 2006

21:42 [zork(~/shave)] cat bandwagon.txt

Get Onto The Bus

Six months ago, I observed the following in #tron:

CrackMonkey:

http://www.kk.org/cooltools/archives/000979.php <-- oh dear, I may personally be suckered in by this one...

sneakums:

man, count me in

CrackMonkey:

It has all the elements necessary

a strong technical argument, economics, a certain historical chic, and the aura of self-confident masculinity without all that messy bravado

For the next week, I did all the usual Internet research you'd expect before going off into some goofy "lifestyle" craze. I read Corey Greenberg's The Perfect Shave (which is still required reading, even though Corey has moved on a little since then), trolled through the Shavegeek Forums, and spent hours comparing products on Classic Shaving. I made some rather nice purchases based on that.

However, I've learned a little since then, and that's the main reason why I'm posting this here: so far Sneakums, Octal, and Uncle Pedro have all joined in the fun with old-timey shaving gear, and more seem to be following. Last Autumn, I'd have just thrown those three links at them and let them read up on it like I did, but now I'd like to explain what I'd do if I were getting into this today.

The Gear

So first of all, just to avoid any confusion on this matter, this is not about straight razors. The trade nickname for those is "cutthroats", and I'm with Corey Greenberg when I say that they're just a step too far for me. What I'm babbling about is what people used to think of when you said "safety razor" before disposables and expensive cartridge-head monstrosities reached the ridiculous point in history when they said "Fuck everything, we're doing five blades!" (yeah, that used to be a joke. I know.)

So instead of a wicked blade like this one:

Dovo Mammoth cutthroat

I am talking about something more civilized like this:

Badger and Blade

The razor is a dual-edged safety razor, and you load it by unscrewing the bottom, lifting up the curved hammerhead portion, and sliding a dual-edged version of a surgical razor blade onto the spindles inside. Sweeny Todd, go home!

Why isn't it better to have five vibrating blades in a single head like Gilette says? Well, there are a number of reasons most people cite, such as the cheap factory production of the multi-blade cartridges, or the tiny gaps between blades clogging with hair and dead skin. But in general the multi-blade razors are trying to emulate someone doing multiple strokes with a single-bladed razor. The results are mixed.

The one thing that takes people by surprise is how short the handle is. It's about half the length of a disposable razor's handle, and you hold it with only your fingertips. I find that it gives me much better control, although you can buy long-handled DEs.

The particularly astute among you will notice that my razor is sitting next to a rather large brush that boasts the absurd-sounding category of Super Badger. Wind in the Willows it's not.

The brush is due to the fact that I ditched cheap aerosol cans full of shaving gel or foam in favor of luxury imported creams. And you know what? The import creams are cheaper and last longer and are so much more enjoyable than the pressurized gel I used to use. They're two parts shaving lubricant and one part skin care product.

Take a look at the jar on the left:

shaving gear with creams

That's the Taylor of Old Bond Street Avocado shaving cream. It's a widely-respected favorite due to its heavy use of avocado oil, which lubricates and moisturizes.

Shaving

Many of the articles on "wetshaving", as the fad calls itself (what, were people really shaving dry before?) act as though the reader is a complete n00b who never learned how to shave at all. To hear Corey Greenberg and the Shavegeeks tell it, millions of men are grabbing cheap disposable razors and just mowing into their cheeks without even bothering to head to a sink or anything.

dry shaving

When I saw Predator for the first time, and Bill Duke pushed that blade until he bled, it was the only part of the movie that scared me. But I guess I must be in the minority, because I actually had my dad stand me by the sink and teach me to shave using a dual-bladed razor sample that was automatically sent to me around my 16th birthday (suspicious, but my mother never cared much for privacy, and signed all of us up for who knows how many sucker mailing lists).

So I learned to wet my face and work with the grain before going against it. I also had my first shave in the chair of our family barber, his expert hand scraping the weeds and peach fuzz off with a deadly cutthroat. All the same, I retreated out of fear to an electric device (derisively referred to by the fanboy shavegeeks as a "lawnmower") for many years. The acne only cleared up when I finally went back to a blade.

So there's a simple set of steps I go through to shave now, which is really all there is to the goofy term "wetshaving". Corey Greenberg acts as though it's a radical departure from the norm, although I think it's basically the same way I shaved with a Mach 3 and gel.

  1. Wet face with warm/hot water. This opens pores and softens hairs. A hot towel is ideal here, but you can just take a hot shower first and not dry your face.
  2. Build and apply lather. This is done by soaking the brush in hot water and letting it drain, then swabbing the tip with cream and whipping it in a circle in a mug or directly on my cheek.
  3. Shave along the grain, applying very little pressure.
  4. Repeat steps 1-3 if needed, going against the grain if necessary.
  5. Cool down by rinsing with cold water to close the pores, and maybe add an after-shave toner (that's something gentle like witch hazel, not some stinging rubbing alcohol perfume nonsense like Old Spice).

Now the shavegeeks shout loud and clear OMFG DO NOT APPLY ANY PRESSURE WHEN SHAVING. Of course I apply pressure when I'm shaving, but I sure don't shovel away like Duke up there. The way folks like Corey Greenberg make it sound, everyone's just spraying gel onto a dry chin and then pushing against their face like they're pressing air bubbles out of wallpaper.

The one thing I will say is that if you do go against the grain, that's when you have to barely tickle the surface with a feather-touch.

My Kit

So you've seen the photos, and this is what I have, for better or worse. My first order was from Classic Shaving, and consisted of:

Since then I've picked up the following from various local shops:

I've been fortunate in that there's even a cigar shop on Market that carries Merkur shaving supplies without egregious markup. Nancy Boy is a local company, and folks pay good money to have their stuff shipped all over the continent (and their laundry detergent is the best I've ever used!). Most Target stores now carry Proraso in their "Spa" section, and I grabbed Lucky Tiger at Elephant Pharmacy and I've seen it at Whole Foods.

What I'd Change

Now, let's look over my original Classic Shaving order. The Merkur HD (or "hefty") is a classic, and one that shavegeeks seem to return to time and again. I like that the extra weight gives it some mass, so shaky fingers aren't a problem. When Uncle Pedro ordered, they were out of all the hefty Merkurs except the open-comb version, so that's what he uses. The open comb seems to be good for thicker hair, although it tends to shave a little closer, I'm told. That might make it not quite ideal as a "my first DE razor", but it's still a fine instrument.

The Taylor's Avocado is good stuff, although I think I'd go with rose rather than lavender for my second tub next time. The blades are something I haven't experimented with, and I'm still using the Merkur Platinums.

But the brush is something where I feel like I'd make a different choice today. The shavegeeks are all about huge enormous brushes that carry six faceloads of lather in a single dab, but they've taken it to excess. The 2235 is the model that appears in The Perfect Shave, but Corey Greenberg himself recently said that the 2234 is his favorite overall brush: it's $10 cheaper, and a little bit smaller and easier to manage.

I do feel a little out of control with my big sloppy brush from time to time, but Corey has gone on to the Wee Scot mini-brush now. He's basically using little travel brushes to lather these days, so who knows what that's all about.

No Regrets

Of course, I'm not about to buy another brush. Buying a brush made of badger hair kind of went against my vegetarian sensibilities as it is, so I'm not going to waste what I have. Also, the brush was half the cost of my initial purchase to begin with. My reasoning was that the razor and the blades were such a small portion of the order that if I decided that shaving with a DE was too rich for my blood, I'd still have a classy brush and creams for use with a pedestrian Mach-3.

I will say that the larger brush does hold a good deal of warm water, and it's great to get that first pass of warm lather on the cheek.

What I've Added

The Nancy Boy is another big favorite, and I loved being able to just walk into the Hayes St. store and pick up a jar (oh yes, and do try their laundry detergent!). They're a super friendly company that seems to know how to win repeat business. I'm not sure the shaving cream is as good as the Taylor's Avocado, but it's not really in the same category.

Uncle Pedro described the NB cream as "like an altoid for my face" due to the mix of lavender, peppermint, and rosemary oils in the formulation. His only comparison was Taylor's lemon/lime, which left him nonplussed.

But speaking of altoid-on-the-face, I finally managed to grab a tub of Proraso shaving soap. It's another one of the brands mentioned in The Perfect Shave, and it's got menthol and eucalyptus to make a crazy chilly numbing tingling sensation like medicated shaving cream. I'm not sure it's the best thing for a chilly winter morning, but I mean to give it a chance. It's probably wonderful on a hot day.

But the best part is that with a good brush, just about any decent hard soap can make shaving lather in a pinch! In fact, a good chunk of olive oil soap is one of the more popular hard shaving soaps, and you can use it to wash your hands or feet or use it in the shower or whatever you want when you're not shaving with it. This gives me a sort of rugged self-reliant confidence, like I could McGyver up a shaving setup in the field if I had my brush on me.

Finally, I bought Lucky Tiger aftershave strictly because Tom Waits sang about it. I know he was singing about hair products made by the old company, and I bought 1990s-inspired nuts-and-berries New Organics stuff, but that suits me fine. I get pure aloe and orange extracts and chamomile and witch hazel and all that good stuff, and in a classy looking retro bottle made to look like the old brown glass pharmacy vials. It works a champ, too.

What I Recommend To You

Okay, so after all this, you're squirming in your seat, adjusting and readjusting your ironic horn-rimmed glasses, crying out "Oh, but now I simply must get in on this hip new retro craze! Tell us what to buy!" Your consumer obedience circuits are shorting out! Just sit back, take a stress pill, and think things over.

If I were to place an order from Classic Shaving for someone new to this, here's what I'd get:

Uncle Pedro ordered a set like this, only with an open-comb HD and Lemon-Lime Taylor's instead of avocado. I basically told him that the citrus creams tend to be made for oily skin, and the avocado is best for dry. Well ol' Pedro slapped the dust from his rough-cut hands, and gesturing with his John Henry mallet he proudly informed me that he had "combination skin". And we left it that way as men, true to our word.

So I sent him a travel jar of Nancy Boy Shaving Cream, prompting his gushing "altoid" comment. The Nancy Boy is made with Avocado oil, although it's not the all-hallowed balm that Taylor's is. Still, it's a fantastic all-around shaving cream, and you could do so much worse and still be in the top shelf.

Aha, you say, but you are in San Francisco! You demand instant gratification! You don't want to wait around for some Angeleno importer to ship you your gear via UPS GroundSloth! You want to pound the pavement and return home with bags full of gear!

I am powerless to resist your consumer gusto! Demand no further!

I have no idea how you intend to comparison shop on brushes, so you'll just have to comparison shop a bit in person. But the rest of the gear is available within easy walk of BART stations.

  • Grant's Tobacconists carries merkur razors, unlabeled and uncategorized. The shopkeeper is an old Boer who knows two things about the stock: Diddly and Squat, and Bo Dilddley's tour left San Francisco months ago. I occasionally go in to buy another box of blades (mostly because I can, since it took me six months to make it through the first box) I ask to see the Merkur Platinum Blades and he always responds "Uh, I think they're all made of steel." They've got mugs and brushes and other things, but I think they only have boarbristle instead of badger.

    They're by the Montgomery Street Station, North exit, across from Stacey's independent bookstore and next door to Patrick & Company stationers.

  • Nancy Boy moved out of their Castro digs and into a cute little shop in Hayes Valley. Stop by and pick up a jar of the Nancy Boy Shaving Cream and a tub of the laundry detergent. If you sign up for their mailing list, they give you a discount right then and there.

But generally stay away from the haberdashers and "gentlemen's clothiers" you'll find downtown. Most of those guys sell the imported English creams like Taylor's, but at stratospheric markup.

Oh, and if you live in London, just go to Taylor itself!

Mon, 19 Dec 2005

00:25 [zork(~/gamesmith)] cat pygame.txt

The Wonders of Pygame

After spending a good amount of time in the SAIS source code and getting a feel for the game logic, I sent a long mail to a collaborator with my dream goals for the system. I listed a bunch of things, but my real pie-in-the-sky items were these:

After poking around through lua some, I chanced to take another stroll through the pygame docs. I had not remembered how high-level pygame is compared to using libsdl in C! Pygame has all sorts of great rect methods and sprite groups and other great features that make it a real win. So now I'm taking up the fool's errand of the second system.

I've got access to the SAIS code, so I've been trolling through it to figure out some of the math behind the game object interactions. The camera math is some of the clever stuff, and I am thinking of making heavy use of pygame's rect magic to make that happen.

And then I'll make the game AI, situations, ship definitions, and so on out of modder-supplied python code. I'll have my own default set based on SAIS, but it should be fun.

But for now I'm working on making the simple tactical system work as a hollow demo, with space-object-motion and sweeping camerawork. Once that works in a generalized manner (so that you can raise and lower HUD elements once that's coded) I'll start making a game of it.

Tue, 13 Dec 2005

19:13 [zork(~/gamesmith)] cat sais.txt

Strange Adventures in Infinite Porting

I've got a short list of goofy projects that always seem to come up at times when I'm feeling nostalgic or hoping to tackle a relatively uncomplicated programming feat to keep my skills up. I always consider writing interactive fiction in my new favorite language, or maybe a BBS, or perhaps that TradeWars clone I've been meaning to try.

I mumbled about TradeWars in IRC one day, and someone mentioned Diceland. It's a game where you fold these paper octahedra, and the side that's facing has certain power qualities. You move by pressing down on green corner dots (causing you to roll over one edge, allowing you to "walk" across the field) and damage is represented by a red dot that always takes you to a less powerful face.

On the web site and paper game box, they tout this PC game called Strange Adventures in Infinite Space. Last night as I was leaving the ragout to simmer and waiting for E to come home, I decided to head over to the Web site and drool over screenshots.

So I had a look around and figured it would be another era before Free Software had a good critical mass of indie game developers to make shiny little cult hits like this. But I noticed that they claimed to have a Palm Pilot version or something, so I kept poking around on the site to see just how cross-platform it really was. Then I hit jackpot.

They released the source code to the game engine under the GPL about a month ago, in order to open the doors to the modding community that had sprung up around this game. In addition to this, the authors had ripped out all the DirectX code and replaced it with SDL, making Linux ports super easy.

So I quickly pasted this into IRC and set to downloading. After an hour of ripping out Windowsisms (namely, replacing all the directory-walking code, and then spending an hour in the debugger before realizing that an image wasn't being loaded because the coder expected a case-insensitive filesystem) I had a running demo! It was slow, so this morning I had a look at how the developers had done the main SDL loop, and realized that the double-buffering was miscoded. It's a little faster now, but still not exactly where I'd like it.

You can see my darcs repository at http://zork.net/~nick/sais/ and you can always just darcs get http://zork.net/~nick/sais/ and join in with me. I've put in a proper makefile, and I plan to fix the performance bottlenecks visible in http://zork.net/~nick/sais/gprof.txt . The big problem is that the developers hand-wrote their own sprite libraries and just treated DirectX as a dumb buffer to blit pixel data to. There is a lot of room to replace their code with ordinary SDL functions, and their sprites with SDL_Surfaces.

In addition to this, I'd love to see if I can get the modders to contribute some GPL-friendly artwork, and maybe I'll hit the creative commons sites to find replacement sound samples. I'd love to get Uncle Pedro to do some pencil-squiggle animations so that we can finally do the Bread & Cheese game.

For now, though, you will still need to download the Source Code and Demo zipfile to get the graphics, sound, and game data. Be sure to check out the modders' forum thread on the source code release.

Sun, 30 Oct 2005

05:50 [zork(~/blosxom)] cat reST.txt

Switching to REST

I noticed nutella mumbling about the ability to check the output of his entries. I only just realized that he was actually entering everything in HTML, and ignoring the actual plain-text formatting that motd uses. Even his entries that were just blank unadorned paragraphs were separated with <p> tags instead of blank lines.

Well I've now switched laziness away from the old "genericwiki" formatter, and over to reST. This means that shoving HTML code inline will no longer work, and you'll have to learn reST layout in order to punch in unicode entities or make non-trivial links. The end result, however, will be to banish those hideous less-than/greater-than symbols from everyone's posts.

But the bonus is that you can always test by running rest2html on an entry and checking your result in a browser.

Wed, 26 Oct 2005

18:39 [zork(~/blosxom)] cat rss.txt

RSS is working again.

I just ripped off the RSS 2.0 theme files from another pyblosxom package, so now the feeds should be working again, though at a different URL.

http://zork.net/motd/index.rss <-- teh new url.

http://zork.net/motd/nick/index.rss <-- example user RSS category feed.

Tue, 12 Jul 2005

17:47 [zork(~)] cat 2005-07-12T09:47:07-0700.txt

Hi asl.

MOTD is now teh cr0n.

Hooray for BAKED.

Sun, 16 May 2004

06:13 [zork(~/covetousness)] cat moleskine.txt

It's not just a notebook: It's a LIFESTYLE CHOICE

http://www.mojolondon.co.uk/images/productpics/moleskine.jpg

I first came across Moleskine notebooks in Diesel a while back. I was intrigued, but the fru-fru LifestyleBabble on the wrapping turned me away pretty quickly, in much the same way that Danger's marketing copy makes me never ever ever want to get a hiptop ever ever ever (well, that and the fact that it's got a complete proprietary javur OS). Also, it seemed to be made of leather, and I don't like arbitrary objects being made of leather as though it were some cheap material that carries no social cost.

I recently discovered an entry in Cool Tools about Moleskine notebooks. Following links, I found a lot of snooty self-aggrandizing "contemporary nomadism" nonsense (it's an inanimate blank book, guys, it doesn't "bear witness"), but also a lot of practical analysis of why these things are actually very good.

http://www.moleskine.co.uk/images/mole_regular_sm.jpg

They are no longer made of leather, it turns out, but rather some sort of rubberized synthetic. The cardboard backing is very sturdy, and the paper is really high-quality stuff (Nice and soft to write on, and it took my leaky pilot pen without complaint, didn't smudge, and dried fast enough that it didn't leave an imprint on the opposite leaf when I closed the book). It's signature-bound, and lays flat very nicely.

In addition to the handy bookmark tassel, and the elastic strap that holds it closed, there is a clever pocket built into the rear cover that is just the right size to hold a few 3"x5" index cards (or whatever receipts, business cards, or tickets you need to stash away).

And on the subject of size, it is exactly the perfect size for the rear pocket of my jeans. I used to keep a cheap Mead "square deal" Marble Memo there, but the cheap gummy perfect-binding always gave out and they made a mess of my pockets. Now I've got a hardcover notebook that I don't need to worry about sitting on.

Their Lomo-esque "buy our products and/or services and become a post-modern artiste" marketing copy is still pretty obnoxious (and seems to cater to the "YOU CAN'T CURL UP IN BED WITH A COMPUTER!!!" crowd), but the damn thing only cost me $11 at my neighborhood independent bookstore and it doesn't contain flesh or proprietary software.

http://www.mojolondon.co.uk/images/productpics/memopockets.gif

The one thing I regret is that I can't find the little 3x5 accordion file version, as I have a number of situations where I want to keep sets of index cards organized for various purposes.

Almost their entire line comes in two sizes: 9cm by 14cm (a little over 3" by 5"), and the full-size 13cm by 21cm (about 5" by 8"). They make address books, sketchbooks (the paper's thick enough for watercolor, but you only get about half the number of sheets), and grid-ruled books (i guess for lab notebooks).

Best $11 I've spent in months.

Sat, 27 Mar 2004

00:00 [zork(~/scheme)] cat stallman-lisp-experiences.txt

RMS's Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs

There's a new transcript of an RMS LISP talk up on gnu.org. Some choice tidbits:

on TECO:

Actually, there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect facility from TECO.

on EMACS LISP features:

I implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that.

Thu, 18 Mar 2004

04:15 [zork(~/scheme)] cat why-he-likes-plt-scheme.txt

Why Jacob Likes PLT Scheme

He likes the scheme.

Beaujolais for starting with a threaded example, but that while macro is bogus. The comments seem to range between "Y NOT UZ PERL HUK HUK HUK" and "Pardon me good sir, but wouldn't ML be more indubitable and minimize undue perspicacity?"

threaded-map is supafly, though.

Tue, 16 Mar 2004

19:44 [zork(~)] cat nalgene.txt

I just bought an SFSU-branded nalgene bottle

So I now have a Nalgene brand water bottle, made of non-leeching lexan. My big question is: where the hell do you put the water?

http://www.rmad.org/images/nalgene.jpeg

Fri, 09 Jan 2004

17:44 [zork(~/web)] cat head-shot.txt

I know.

http://zork.net/~nick/pix/head.png

Lolz.

Wed, 03 Dec 2003

18:48 [zork(~)] cat dwim-drm.txt

Computers only do what you tell them to?

When my experience of computers was limited to 8-bit PCs and occasional use of VAXen at the University of Washington and the Seattle Public Library, the public's view of computing was far different. The Macintosh was still a plaything for the wealthy, and hadn't yet even claimed the "Desktop Publishing" niche. Computers were seen as inscrutible tin gods worshipped by the technocrats and their adoring press.

Someone on slashdot once noted that you don't have to answer the question "What do you do with a computer?" any more. It used to be that people had this Isaac Asimov-inspired notion that you "asked it questions" and it would give you an answer. Perhaps this was the fault of efforts like PROLOG.

By the 1980s, though, the LOGO program had thousands of elementary schools across the country getting through the first few chapters of the official LOGO course. LOGO was quite possibly the most accessible LISP interpreter on Earth, but nobody ever did much beyond pushing turtles around on the screen. LOGO was essentially a $2,000 spirograph.

But a number of maxims about the nature of computers began to creep into common usage. People who had never used a computer by themselves before were saying things like "Garbage In, Garbage Out." or "Computers only do what you tell them to."

It was largely a reaction to people mistyping or misunderstanding commands, and then (perhaps influenced by 1950s "electronic brain" rhetoric) expecting the computer to correctly interpret the intent of the garbled input. For a certain type of mind, the irrational degree of formalism and structure provided by the early 8-bit operating environment was liberating. Results could be planned for, anticipated, and feedback was immediate and reproducible. It's a playground for structured thought, and a frustrating mess for anyone who can't enjoy that.

But the further implications of the above bromides deserve special attention. Computers today are not the simple, single-tasking BASIC boxes of the 1980s. My Linux box has plenty of vendor-supplied cron jobs, long-running daemons, and even a couple dozen outside users. Yes, technically everything we tell this machine to do gets done in a straightforward fashion, but there is a lot that it does simply because that's what Debian is designed for.

So to a certain degree you can trace everything my machine does to my intent. There is a bit of delegation, but it is measured and acceptable to me (thus falling into the realm of what I want it to do). Even more restrictive proprietary computer systems behave in much the same way. You can tell because there is often a public backlash when some vendor-supplied behavior conflicts with the users' conception of how their computers should perform. Consider the CPU ID numbers that Intel implemented a few years ago, and how unhappy the general public was with that decision.

But what of systems such as Palladium and other hardware-implemented "Trusted Computing" schemes? The use of signature verification and other cryptographic tomfoolery in the hardware allegedly prevents corrupted code from being run, and allows automated audits on the state of all installed software. The benefits to the user end, however, once the signatures begin to prevent certain debugging or introspection tasks. The control of the computer is given over to the hardware as a means of sneaking "DRM", or copy prevention techniques into PCs.

Seth David Schoen has argued that Palladium could be acceptable technology if there were some sort of "Owner Override" mechanism. If the user of a computer can bypass the hardware restrictions (presumably via hardware means, to preserve the security benefits of such a system), then the intent of the user is not thwarted.

There's a great moment in the 1982 movie "Tron" between Ed Dillinger, the sneaky Senior Executive of Encom, and Walter Gibbs, the greybeard founder who sympathizes with the film's heroes.

Walter:User requests are what computers are for!
Dillinger:Doing our business is what computers are for!

The plot of "Tron" focused on the deactivation of a malicious security and control system for Encom's computers that was preventing the employees from getting work done. The film colorfully presented the Master Control system in cold-war terms, as a totalitarian leader who pitted programs that woldn't give fealty against each other in gladiatorial games.

The depiction of the Master Control system in the "real world" is far more interesting. Upon entering a command into his terminal, the character of Alan Bradley receives a frustrating series of "access denied" messages. While this sort of thing may make sense in a centrally-administered time-sharing system, it is not the sort of thing the owner of a standalone workstation wants to see.

An Owner Override would be something that Walter Gibbs could support. It preserves the property rights of the computer's owner, allowing her or him to completely control what the computer does. It also means that you don't have to correct anyone when they say "a computer only does what you tell it to."

Thu, 27 Nov 2003

05:18 [zork(~/web)] cat ha-ha-wikitravel.txt

Ha ha Wikitravel.

So I'm sitting here watching E wrestle with wikitravel, trying to enter in her own travel story about Krakow. Here's what happens when you think you want to add something to wikitravel:

You start looking for an existing page, and only see big scary CIA documents or big templates with huge requirements and a rigid structure. If you aren't completely scared off at this point, you might notice the Plunge Forward advice, and let that steel your confidence. Maybe you read the Stub Articles page again, and decide to forego the stuffy template this time.

So basically I told E to go to the Poland page, edit the URL, and then "edit this page" from the empty Krakow page. By this time she was super ready to just close the browser and do something more interesting. Now she's busy wrestling with the crack-addled wiki markup (quotation marks for emphasis! Welcome to "the Internet" of hand-lettered business signs!).

It sounds like it's basically all about Mister Bad being unemployed and doing nothing but edit wikitravel articles all day.

Tue, 25 Nov 2003

21:43 [zork(~/transit)] cat ha-ha-bart.txt

Ha ha BART

I just got off the phone with a reporter from the East Bay Express. She was writing about the petition to keep BART open until 3am on weekends to cut down on drunk driving and to let folks stay out and party late.

She found my BART Petition Rebuttal thread and mailed me asking for an interview. I was trying to coordinate times, and noticed her message was posted 1 hour in the future. I realized that she was in mountain time, and George Perry reminded me that the East Bay Express is owned by the same conglomerate that owns the SF Weekly.

So I basically sent her a mail saying "I can call you, but if it's long distance I can send you my number." Whoops! She's in Emeryville, using the newtimes mail system (some novell thing).

I was satisfied with her level of skepticism, which is refreshing after spending so many years talking to bubbly tech press who take every word you say and repeat it to avoid doing any work. I guess I forget that computer news is really special and separate from even the more corporately-managed free weeklies.

So she didn't seem to buy that the problems were all technological, and that's a fair point. The issue of money came up, but I'm sadly not as familiar with the particulars of the BART financial hemmorhage beyond occasional quotes that they're trying to reduce the yearly net cost per rider to $28. The one thing I did point out is that night work is typically much more expensive than daytime, and they could likely save money if they found some way to do maintenance during the day without stopping service.

Sat, 08 Nov 2003

06:36 [zork(~/transit)] cat wikitravel.txt

Ha ha Wikitravel

Okay, so I'm actually tempted to write up a big article for wikitravel. Happy, Evan? I'm gunna sketch out a "Bay Area Commuter Rail" tour, since the BART/Metro system is really its own region with its own routes, access points, sights, and Imaginary Geography.

I live in a neighborhood of Oakland that's 20 minutes from downtown SF by BART, and go to school in a part of San Francisco that's also 20 minutes from downtown. I tend to think of things in terms of their transit stations, much the way people in LA and New Jersey think of freeway exits.

Thu, 16 Oct 2003

19:41 [zork(~/blosxom)] cat wiki.txt

Ha ha Wiki.

Welcome to the land of WikiWords. Now everything in StudlyCaps becomes a GoogleSearch. (Yeah, I upgraded pyblosxom, and grabbed some caching and formatting extensions along the way)

Wed, 08 Oct 2003

08:22 [zork(~/scheme)] cat sicp_videos.txt

All Hail MIT for releasing to us the videos of the 1980s!

http://www.swiss.ai.mit.edu/classes/6.001/abelson-sussman-lectures/wizard.jpg

Dude!

That's all I can keep saying! Dude!

It's a set of 6.001 lectures videotaped by HP so that they could have SICP on file for all future students! It's released under the attribution/share-alike creative commons license!

http://www.swiss.ai.mit.edu/classes/6.001/abelson-sussman-lectures/

http://www.swiss.ai.mit.edu/classes/6.001/abelson-sussman-lectures/legal-info.html

It was recorded in 1986! Think of that! It was done for version 1 of SICP, and probably used Common LISP instead of Scheme (though that doesn't really matter).

But it's 1986! The students all have perms, bowl cuts, square-frame glasses, and izod shirts! Sussman actually wears a pocket protector with no irony whatsoever!

Gödel, Escher, Bach had been published only a few years prior to this, so that they were still all giddy about Bach and technology and Wendy Carlos and stuff, so the intro music is Jesu, Joy of Man's Desiring played on a synth keyboard. Hell, it's probably a casio!

I was looking at the leather case on Sussman's belt, and realized that there's no way in 1986 that it could be a cellular telephone. that leaves me with a few basic possibilities:

Man oh man I hope it was a slide rule.

But Dude!

I'm busy mirroring all the divx files (about 9G total), and I'm watching them one by one. So far I'm on section three of day two part a, but I have through day four downloaded. It's amazing how smooth everything flows when it's being written up on the blackboard, and the student questions really are the most pressing ones.

It's fun to note that they have a weird 1980s teleprompter screen for the actual slides they do want to put up (usually images and fully-formed page-long programs). But the real strength of the lectures comes from the fact that Abelson and Sussman have a many-paneled chalkboard on which to write their terse chunks of LISP. There's something about the ability to narrate as you write that gets lost in slide-presentation lectures.

At any rate, this is the last piece I needed to make any sort of lisp hacker initiation club complete. I'm still jazzed about its very existence. Dude!

Sat, 04 Oct 2003

23:38 [zork(~/scheme)] cat call-with-current-continuation.txt

Call/cc Considered Harmful

I just spent two days studying call-with-current-continuation.

I scratched my head trying to figure out what sort of execution-flow magic was going on, trying to see what made this one of the most powerful features of scheme. I spent hours trying to decipher the scheme jargon and heady compsci technobabble.

Today someone explained that I was reading too much into things, that it's really quite simple. A short tutorial reading later and the light bulb went on:

call/cc is just GOTO

The scheme community is so caught up in their own self-important pontifications and pedagogy that they can't just admit that one of the most powerful features in their belovedly pure language is just GOTO.

I'm still picking my jaw up off the floor.

In 1968, the Communications of the ACM published a text of mine under the title "The goto statement considered harmful", which in later years would be most frequently referenced, regrettably, however, often by authors who had seen no more of it than its title, which became a cornerstone of my fame by becoming a template: we would see all sorts of articles under the title "X considered harmful" for almost any X, including one titled "Dijkstra considered harmful". But what had happened? I had submitted a paper under the title "A case against the goto statement", which, in order to speed up its publication, the editor had changed into a "letter to the Editor", and in the process he had given it a new title of his own invention! The editor was Niklaus Wirth.

—Edsger W. Dijkstra

Thu, 29 May 2003

03:43 [zork(~)] cat 2003-05-28T19:43:21-0700.txt

Uncle Bad

Hooray for Uncle Bad!


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